was a $0.2 million excess windfall tax benefit realized by the Company in 2021 ( 2020 – $0.3 million, 2019 – $0.2 million). RenaissanceRe issues new shares upon the exercise of an option. The total stock compensation expense recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations during 2021 was $40.0 million ( 2020 – $43.7 million, 2019 – $41.4 million). As of December 31, 2021, there was $66.7 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock awards and $4.9 million related to performance share awards, which will be recognized on a weighted average basis during the next 1.7 and 1.7 years, respectively. All of the Company’s employees are eligible for defined contribution pension plans. Contributions are primarily based upon a percentage of eligible compensation. The Company contributed $7.5 million to its defined contribution pension plans in 2021 ( 2020 – $6.7 million, 2019 – $4.9 million). NOTE 1 STATUTORY REQUIRE"ENTS The Company’s (re)insurance operations are subject to insurance laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which they operate, the most significant of which currently include Bermuda, Switzerland, the U.K. and the U.S. These regulations include certain restrictions on the amount of dividends or other distributions, such as loans or cash advances, available to shareholders without prior approval of the respective regulatory authorities. The statutory capital and surplus, required minimum statutory capital and surplus and unrestricted net assets of the Company’s regulated insurance operations in its most significant regulatory jurisdictions are detailed below: ermuda (1) SwitKerland (2) U (3) U S () At December 31, 2021 2020 2021 2020 2021 2020 2021 2020 Statutory capital and surplus $ 7,462,710 $ 6,698,377 $ 874,665 $ 814,837 $ 983,449 $ 874,170 $ 819,811 $ 722,721 Required statutory capital and surplus 1,753,078 1,391,621 780,000 587,300 983,449 874,170 716,118 474,622 Unrestricted net assets 1,575,526 1,705,739 300,438 232,917 — — 81,981 72,272 (1) Includes Renaissance Reinsurance, DaVinci, RenaissanceRe Specialty U.S. and Vermeer. The Company's Bermuda-domiciled insurance subsidiaries’ capital and surplus is based on the relevant insurer’s statutory financial statements and required statutory capital and surplus is based on the minimum solvency margin. (2) Includes RREAG and its branches in Australia, Bermuda, the U.K. and the U.S. RREAG’s statutory capital and surplus and required statutory capital and surplus incorporate a full year of statutory net loss and risk capital, respectively. (3) Includes Syndicate 1458. With respect to statutory capital and surplus and required statutory capital and surplus, and as described below, underwriting capacity of a member of Lloyd’s must be supported by providing a deposit in the form of cash, securities or letters of credit, which are referred to as Funds at Lloyd’s (“FAL”). FAL is determined by Lloyd’s and is based on Syndicate 1458’s solvency and capital requirements as calculated through its internal m odel. Syndicate 1458 is capitalized by its FAL, with the related assets not held on its balance sheet. As such, unrestricted net assets is not applicable to Syndicate 1458; however, the Company can make an application to obtain approval from Lloyd’s to have funds released to RenaissanceRe from Syndicate 1458, subject to passing a Lloyd’s release t est. (4) Includes Renaissance Reinsurance U.S. Statutory net income (loss) of the Company’s regulated insurance operations in its most significant regulatory jurisdictions are detailed below: Statutory Net Income (Loss) ermuda (1) SwitKerland (2) U (3) U S () Year ended December 31, 2021 $ (89,267) $ 80,500 $ (46,352) $ 10,465 Year ended December 31, 2020 836,707 71,829 (37,427) 17,403 Year ended December 31, 2019 705,808 (52,699) (667) 37,827 (1) Includes Renaissance Reinsurance, DaVinci, RenaissanceRe Specialty U.S. and Vermeer. (2) Includes RREAG and its branches in Australia, Bermuda, the U.K. and the U.S. (3) Includes Syndicate 1458. (4) Includes Renaissance Reinsurance U.S. F-81